Analizes about Air pollution in Beijing (CHINA)

In recent years, Beijing by the large amount of coal, motor vehicles increased speed, increased resource constraints, regional ecological degradation, among other factors, environmental protection is still very arduous task. In order to improve the city's natural environment and the living environment, and further intensify environmental protection efforts, pay attention and coordinated development and speeding up structural adjustment and transformation of the mode of growth, the city's air pollution control, with the focus on promoting a comprehensive environmental pollution control and ecological protection construction work , in improving the management of urban environment and achieved considerable progress, and the capital's economy continued to maintain steady and rapid development, people's living standard has risen steadily, and further improve the quality of the environment. Currently, the Beijing Municipal Government and the public to put pollution control and environmental protection work, and actively promote the implementation of the "New Beijing, New Olympics" strategic concept, and create a sound natural environment.
pollution
(1) Atmospheric Environment
In 2004, the air quality of Beijing for better than two and the number of days to 229 days, the total number of days of 62.5% from 2003, five more days. Industrial emissions of air pollutants a slight increase over the previous year. Beijing to take relevant measures to control environmental pollution. Control coal pollution, the city's central heating boiler and coal transformation achieved certain progress. Control
Vehicle exhaust pollution of the night to Beijing trucks, the field vehicles and public transport,
Taxi intensify our investigation, for the implementation of the old bus, taxi-out plan. Line bus operators, vehicles continue to increase, rail transportation construction projects progress. Control dust pollution, in view of
Urban construction in full swing to the actual situation on site, dust pollution, transport vehicles Yisa, waste offences such as open burning laws. Chengbagou green coverage reached 41.8 percent, up 0.7 percentage points the previous year. Suburban towns actively carry out comprehensive environmental campaign.
(2) Water Environment
River pollution remains types of organic pollution, the major pollution indicators for ammonia, chemical oxygen demand, Permanganate Index and biochemical oxygen demand, followed by the anionic detergent, volatile phenol and oil. Due to continuing shortage of water resources, surface water there was no obvious improvement in water quality, groundwater extraction volume continue to increase. Five water system, all sections of Chaobai River water standards. 2004 Reservoir water quality is relatively stable. The main source of surface water in Miyun Reservoir, Huairou Reservoir water quality is second-class water quality standards. 2004 urban and suburban areas, the average amount of sewage 2.1771 million tons, with 2003 unchanged. Groundwater resources exploitation has increased, the average water level in the plain areas and the end of 2003 compared with an average of 0.71 meters, only Tongzhou, Fangshan, Mentougou and groundwater level in Miyun rose slightly. Groundwater quality in 2003 compared with the basic stability of major pollution indicators of total dissolved solids and total hardness. Suburbs of the city and county groundwater quality is better in the urban and suburban areas, deep water pressure in the diving well water. Urban sewage treatment system gradually improved. Lugouqiao sewage treatment plants and sewage treatment plants in Qinghe two completed, the urban and suburban areas planned 14 sewage treatment plants have been built eight running.
(3) sound environment
Improvement of the urban road network, the Fifth Ring Road cancellation fees, and other measures, to a certain extent, ease the city's traffic noise impact. Traffic noise, construction noise and the noise of social life is still strongly opposed by the masses problems. 2004 acoustic environmental quality basic flat compared with the previous year. Completion of the city's urban districts noise function zoning adjustment, the capital airport noise function zoning to achieve substantive results. In more than 50 district launched the "quiet residential quarter" for the work, carried out jointly by the departments concerned during the college entrance examination Noise Pollution special inspection. Positive control road traffic noise, Fengtai completion of the West Fourth Ring Road of Beijing University Lot, the North Fourth Ring Road of the benefits the new East Point acoustic noise-sensitive noise reduction works.
(4) solid waste and hazardous waste
2004 environmental statistics within the industrial solid waste for the production of 13.03 million tons, of which emissions 99,100 tons, comprehensive utilization of 9.73 million tons, comprehensive utilization rate of 73.7%. Clearance and increase garbage disposal efforts, the urban and suburban areas wastes treatment rate reached 93.8%, 33.3% reached the suburbs of the city districts. Housing NANZHAO Shandong Banbidian landfill and the landfill, the Huairou comprehensive utilization of factories, small Zhangjiakou Yanqing landfill built and put into operation. 260 residential area, building a waste separation and collection. Strengthen monitoring of hazardous waste, 161 involving hazardous waste, collection, storage, transfer and disposal of the unit to carry out an inspection. Preparation of the "Beijing hazardous waste disposal facilities construction plan," Tai Hing Nangong Medical Waste Disposal Plant a project is completed and put into operation, the Tuen Chaoyang high medical waste disposal facility started construction.
ecological protection and construction
Nature Reserve municipal organizations over the whole field of scientific investigation and the preparation of planning, started five demonstration projects, as well as protected areas Fangshan District Puwa Shunyi District and Wetland Nature Reserve-stone bridge building work. Completion of the city's ecological function zoning work. Amendment of the isolated green area in the city, green corridors and ecological construction of the village green covering compensation and conservation standards, the establishment of a compensation mechanism Lin mountain ecosystems. Continue to carry out the Yongding River, the Chaobai River gravel pit ecological restoration and renovation project. Clay brick factory shutdown banned 149. Creation of a national ecological demonstration zones have made progress in Miyun County, through national acceptance, Daxing and Huairou District completed construction of ecological demonstration site planning, Chaoyang District, Fengtai District and included in the national ecological demonstration zones in the pilot. Yanqing County in the rural areas continue to control non-point source pollution demonstration project. 2004, ionizing radiation environment and electromagnetic radiation environment in line with the state average water standards. Strengthen the environmental management of radioactive sources, sources in the city for the registration and reporting units-site inspection and enforcement Shouzhu a temporary condition and do not have safety or security risks exist radioactive waste and radioactive sources. High temperatures all year, slightly below normal precipitation, sunshine hours almost perennial.
environmental protection
Actively carry out international cooperation with foreign countries and Hong Kong, Macao and the extensive development of friendly visits, technical exchange, trade talks, and many other aspects of cooperation. Successfully held the "2004 Beijing International Environment Seminar" and "International Symposium on administrative licensing hearing." With the Italian Ministry of Environment and Land cooperation project agreement grants more than 27 million euros, the introduction of advanced technology and equipment. The "Beijing air quality standards Strategic Studies," "air quality management decision support system", "southwest regional evaluation of the state of the environment", and other major research projects. Construction sites, road dust assessment system of progressing smoothly, site video surveillance and urban sewage treatment plant effluent automatic monitoring system started construction. In 2004, Beijing BOCOG formulated the "Beijing BOCOG EMS environmental guidelines," the establishment of "BOCOG EMS Manual," issued a "green Olympics Extension Project Guide", "Olympic Council building Guide to environmental protection projects "and" Beijing Olympics environmental services Hotel Guide, "which will run through environmental management and construction of the Olympic Games. At the same time, "Green Olympics" propaganda, voluntary tree planting, the website reports, international exchanges and public participation, have carried out fruitful work. The general public to participate in environmental protection enthusiasm high, forms of participation are even more diverse. In addition to the continuation of "Green Community", the "green school" activities, the role of social supervision markedly stronger.
A senior International Olympic Committee (IOC) official dismissed worries over air pollution in Beijing and reaffirmed confidence that the local organizers will ensure healthy atmosphere for athletes and spectators during the 2008 Summer Olympics.
R. Kevan Gosper, Vice-Chairman of the IOC Coordination Commission for the Beijing Games and an IOC member, said air quality had frequently been a concern in previous games but most were properly addressed.
"Ever since I've been on the IOC: in the 1984 Los Angeles games, we were worried about pollution because they had few public transport and most were motor cars, and at the 1988 Seoul Games we were also worried because it was an industrial city," he said, adding that the similar worries emerged in the run up to the 2004 Athens games.
But he stressed that every time they found ways through the problems.
Gosper was in Beijing for the Swimming China Open, a debut tournament of the Water Cube, an iconic Olympic venue near the national stadium "Bird's Nest".
Describing the Water Cube as "breathtaking", Gosper said Beijing was lucky to have the two flagship venues, and athletes from all over the world would also be lucky to compete here.
He said all preparations for the games had been going on smoothly, including measures to curb pollution.
"The Beijing authorities have been spending a lot of money on air quality, both as part of Beijing's needs as well as the games' needs," said the Australian.
Statistics show that from 1998 to 2006, Beijing invested 120 billion yuan (about US$16 billion) to improve its environment, and in 2006 alone, the investment topped 25 billion yuan. The municipality has shut down pollutant-emitting factories, enhanced supervision for the construction sites, and is vigorously expanding its public transportation system.
The Olympics involves many parties, including the IOC, the international federations, the municipality, and the national Olympic committees, Gosper said.
"This is like a big ship with a lot of people work with hammers in their hands, or like an orchestra, and everyone knows the rule," he said.
Just as Beijing has learnt from previous games like in Sydney and Athens, it will also have expertise to share with London, host of the 2012 Olympics, he added.